Polar Routes
In the context of aviation, Polar Routes refer to the flight paths that traverse over the Earth's polar regions, specifically the North Pole and the South Pole. These routes are primarily used for long-haul flights between North America and Asia. The use of Polar Routes for commercial flights became more prevalent with the advent of aircraft capable of long-range flights without refuelling. These routes offer several advantages including shorter flight times due to the Earth's curvature, reduced fuel consumption, and the ability to avoid congested and politically sensitive areas. However, they also present unique challenges such as extreme weather conditions, limited navigation aids, and issues related to magnetic compass reliability near the poles. Furthermore, the high altitude polar routes expose aircraft to higher levels of cosmic radiation, which necessitates special monitoring and protective measures. The use and management of Polar Routes require close international cooperation, particularly between the aviation authorities of the countries over which these routes pass.
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