Polar Orbit
In the context of aviation and aerospace, a Polar Orbit refers to a specific type of orbit where a satellite or spacecraft travels above the Earth's poles (North and South) on each revolution. This type of orbit is perpendicular to the equatorial plane, and it allows the spacecraft to cover the entire surface of the Earth as it rotates beneath it. Polar orbits are commonly used for earth-mapping, earth observation, weather, and reconnaissance satellites, as they offer a good view of the entire planet. The inclination of a polar orbit is near or at 90 degrees to the equator. This means that the satellite will pass over the equator at the same longitude but different latitudes on each of its orbits. Polar orbits are also used to study the Earth's atmosphere and to take measurements of the magnetic field. In aviation, polar routes are used for long-haul flights between the hemispheres, particularly between North America and Asia, to save time and fuel.
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