Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)

Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) is a set of regulations and procedures for flying an aircraft where the pilot is required to fly the aircraft solely by reference to instruments in the cockpit, without external visual reference to the ground or other surroundings. IFR is used in conditions of reduced visibility, such as low clouds, fog, or darkness. The pilot must file an IFR flight plan with air traffic control (ATC) and receive an IFR clearance before takeoff. During the flight, the pilot must communicate with ATC and follow their instructions. IFR flying requires specialized training and certification beyond what is required for Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flying.
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