Minimum Safe Altitude

Minimum Safe altitude (MSA) is the lowest altitude that provides a minimum clearance of 1,000 feet above all obstacles within a specified radius of a navigational aid or a fix. It is a critical concept in aviation safety as it ensures that aircraft remain at a safe altitude while navigating through an area with potential obstacles. MSA is typically depicted on aeronautical charts and is used by pilots as a reference for safe altitude during flight. It is important to note that MSA is not intended for terrain clearance, but rather for obstacle clearance. Therefore, pilots must always consider terrain elevation and other factors when selecting a safe altitude.
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